About the plant
What it is and where it grows — not part of any germination protocol.
- Habit
- Perennial, Shrub
- Native range
- Native to the lower 48 states
Toxicity is noted only where a source states it. No note here is not a finding of safety.
Source: PLANTS Database — USDA NRCS.
This source reports two treatments. Both are shown.
Protocol 1
DerivedN. C. Deno, 1993Difficulty Moderate Rated by us, not by the source.
- 1
Separate the seed from its case
Crush the hard capsule so light can reach the seed.
- 2
Hot-water treatment
Temperature: 194°F 90°C · Amount: 2 min
Two minutes at 90 degrees C.
- 3
Sow on the surface — do not cover
Temperature: 70°F 21°C · Light: light
No stated waiting before sowing. Germination time not stated; 21 days assumed.
Jaynes's finding as Deno reports it: hot water, then light. No percentage is given.
Protocol 2
DerivedN. C. Deno, 1993Difficulty Moderate Rated by us, not by the source.
- 1
Separate the seed from its case
Crush the hard capsule so light can reach the seed.
- 2
Hot-water treatment
Duration: 1 day · Temperature: 140°F 60°C
Twenty hours at 60 degrees C.
- 3
Sow on the surface — do not cover
Temperature: 70°F 21°C · Light: light
1 day from start to sowing. Germination time not stated; 21 days assumed.
The other end of Jaynes's range: cooler water, very much longer.