What it is and where it grows — not part of any germination protocol.
Habit
Perennial, Forb/herbPLANTS Database
Native range
Native to the lower 48 statesPLANTS Database
Note
GA-3 killed the seed outright: every seed rotted.Seed Germination Theory and Practice, 2nd ed.
Toxicity is noted only where a source states it. No note here is not a finding of safety.
Sources: PLANTS Database — USDA NRCS; Seed Germination Theory and Practice, 2nd ed. — N. C. Deno.
This source reports three treatments. All are shown.
Protocol 1
DerivedN. C. Deno, 1993
Difficulty ModerateRated by us, not by the source.
Start around April 2, 2027 for a May 3 last frost.
1
Cold moist stratification
Temperature: 40°F 4°C
Two of thirteen, at 10-11 weeks.
2
Warm moist stratification
Temperature: 70°F 21°C
Five more of thirteen, in 1-3 days.
No stated waiting before sowing. Then 3 days to germinate.
38% germination in 1–3 days.
Two seeds of thirteen in the cold and five more within three days of the move. Deno's samples were small and he does not call the GA-3 differences significant.
This source doesn't state how long.
Protocol 2
DerivedN. C. Deno, 1993
Difficulty HighRated by us, not by the source.
Start around March 15, 2027 for a May 3 last frost.
1
Sow and cover
Temperature: 70°F 21°C
No stated waiting before sowing. Then 21 days to germinate.
33% germination in 21 days.
Three seeds of nine sown warm. Deno's samples were small and he does not call the GA-3 differences significant.