Mendel’s Gardens

Yucca filamentosa

Adam's Needle

Family AsparagaceaeGenus Yucca

About the plant

What it is and where it grows — not part of any germination protocol.

The plant

Habit
Broadleaf evergreenPlant Finder
Habit
Perennial, Forb/herb, Shrub, SubshrubPLANTS Database
Height
4-8 ftPlant Finder
Spread
2-3 ftPlant Finder
Flower
Showy; creamy whitePlant Finder
Blooms
June to JulyPlant Finder
Native range
Central and eastern United StatesPlant Finder
Native range
Native to the lower 48 statesPLANTS Database
Hardiness zones
5-10Plant Finder
Note
Seed can be collected October to March: it sits in upright capsules over winter, and that is as good as dry storage.Seed Germination Theory and Practice, 2nd ed.

Growing conditions

Sun
Full sun
Soil
Light, dry to medium, well-drained; tolerates poor sandy soil
Watering
Dry to medium

Toxicity is noted only where a source states it. No note here is not a finding of safety.

Sources: Plant Finder — Missouri Botanical Garden; PLANTS Database — USDA NRCS; Seed Germination Theory and Practice, 2nd ed. — N. C. Deno.

This source reports two treatments. Both are shown.

Protocol 1

DerivedN. C. Deno, 1993

Difficulty Low Rated by us, not by the source.

Start around June 19, 2027 for a May 3 last frost. Too late for spring 2027 — that needed starting on June 18, 2026.

  1. Dry storage

    Duration: 180 daysTemperature: 70°F 21°C

  2. Cold moist stratification

    Duration: 90 daysTemperature: 40°F 4°C

    11% came up here. Deno gives no length for this period; three months is his standard cycle.

  3. Warm moist stratification

    Temperature: 70°F 21°C

    A further 85%.

about 9 months from start to sowing. Germination time not stated; 21 days assumed.

85% germination.

11% in the cold and 85% after the move: first up on the second day, then half of what is left every two days.

This source doesn't state how long.

Seed Germination Theory and Practice, 2nd ed. — N. C. Deno, 1993 · Ch. 20, YuccaPublic domain
Show the original text
Yucca (Liliaceae). V. filamentosa seed can be collected from October to March as the seed is held in the upright capsules through most of the'winter. Germination is increased by DS. Seed DS 6 m at 70 or 40 germ. 70(57%, i. t 2 d, first order rate, half time 20 d)-40-70(43%, ind. t 2 d, first order rate; half time 1-2 d) and 40(11%)-70(85%, ind. t 2 d, first order rate, half time 2 d). Note the much faster rate of germination in a 70 cycle which was preceded by a 40 cycle. Fresh seed germ. at lower rates and lower percentages. Seed collected in March approached the higher rates and better germination of DS seed since overwintering outdoors in the seed capsule is equivalent to DS.
Seed Germination Theory and Practice, 2nd ed., Ch. 20, Yucca. Quoted exactly. Every value on this card comes from this record, except the difficulty rating, which is ours; the step names come from a fixed list.

Protocol 2

DerivedN. C. Deno, 1993

Difficulty Moderate Rated by us, not by the source.

Start around September 17, 2027 for a May 3 last frost. Too late for spring 2027 — that needed starting on September 16, 2026.

  1. Dry storage

    Duration: 180 daysTemperature: 70°F 21°C

  2. Warm moist stratification

    Temperature: 70°F 21°C

    57%, first up on the second day, then half of what is left every twenty days.

  3. Cold moist stratification

    Duration: 90 daysTemperature: 40°F 4°C

    Deno gives no length for this period; three months is his standard cycle.

  4. Warm moist stratification

    Temperature: 70°F 21°C

    A further 43%, and this time half of what is left every day or two.

Steps after step 2 run on after germination.

about 6 months from start to sowing. Germination time not stated; 21 days assumed.

57% germination.

57% at 70, but half the packet only every twenty days. The 43% that follows a cold cycle arrives ten times faster -- which is Deno's point here.

This source doesn't state how long.

Seed Germination Theory and Practice, 2nd ed. — N. C. Deno, 1993 · Ch. 20, YuccaPublic domain
Show the original text
Yucca (Liliaceae). V. filamentosa seed can be collected from October to March as the seed is held in the upright capsules through most of the'winter. Germination is increased by DS. Seed DS 6 m at 70 or 40 germ. 70(57%, i. t 2 d, first order rate, half time 20 d)-40-70(43%, ind. t 2 d, first order rate; half time 1-2 d) and 40(11%)-70(85%, ind. t 2 d, first order rate, half time 2 d). Note the much faster rate of germination in a 70 cycle which was preceded by a 40 cycle. Fresh seed germ. at lower rates and lower percentages. Seed collected in March approached the higher rates and better germination of DS seed since overwintering outdoors in the seed capsule is equivalent to DS.
Seed Germination Theory and Practice, 2nd ed., Ch. 20, Yucca. Quoted exactly. Every value on this card comes from this record, except the difficulty rating, which is ours; the step names come from a fixed list.